Taken from Liber Amicorum–Speculum Siderum: Nūt Astrophoros edited by Nadine Guilhou with the help of Antigoni Maniati. Pages 153-166.
By Themis G. Dallas
In the present paper we study the orientation of the sanctuary of Egyptian Gods in Marathōn and calculate that it belongs to the Equinoctial Group in the classification of Egyptian temples. We also reproduce the ancient skyscape over the area and associate astronomical phenomena with the major feasts most probably celebrated in that temple. We conclude that Navigium Isidum and Inventio Osiridis may be associated with the acronychal rising and setting of Canopus (or the constellation of Argo Navis in general) and Lychnapsia with the Perseids meteor–shower. Connections of Pēlusia and Serapia to astronomical phenomena are more problematic, but we also examine such possibilities.
KEY WORDS: Marathōn, Sanctuary of Isis, Ptolemaic & Helleno–Roman Period, Ancient Astronomy, Canopus, Ancient Skyscapes, Ancient Egyptian & Hellenic Feasts.
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